Global political history

Global political history from 3000 BC to the 21st century – political leaders, elections, and more.

Great Officers of State

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Lord High Steward

Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke of Marlborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 13 1871; d. June 30 1934

Titles of nobility: Duke of Marlborough in the Peerage of England (1892 – 1934)

1902

Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1883; d. June 12 1963

Titles of nobility: Baron Cunningham of Hyndhope (1945 – 1963); Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (1946 – 1963).

Military ranks: Promoted to rear-admiral, 1933. Promoted to vice-admiral, 1936. Promoted to admiral, 1939(?). Promoted to Admiral of the Fleet, 1943.

1953


Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
Thomas Walker Hobart Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 5 1876; d. October 11 1947

Titles of nobility: Viscount Caldecote in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1939 – 1947).

1939 – 1940

Mary Elizabeth “Liz” Truss

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1973.

2016 – 2017

David Roy Lidington

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 30 1956.

2017 – 2018


Lord President of the Council

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Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1484; d. August 22 1545

Noble titles: Duke of Suffolk in the Peerage of England (1514 – 1545)

1530 – 1545

Lord John Russell

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 18 1792; d. May 28 1878

Titles of nobility: Earl Russell in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1861 – 1878)

1854 – 1855

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 24 1827; d. July 9 1909

Noble titles: Earl of Ripon (1859 – 1909); Marquess of Ripon (1871 – 1909)

1868 – 1873

Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 7 1847; d. May 21 1929

Noble titles: Earl of Rosebery in the Peerage of Scotland (1868 – 1929); Baron Rosebery in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1868 – 1929); Earl of Midlothian in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1911 – 1929)

1894 – 1895

Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 23 1833; d. March 24 1908

Noble titles: Duke of Devonshire in the Peerage of England (1891 – 1908)

1895 – 1903

John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 24 1838; d. September 23 1923

Titles of nobility: Viscount Morley of Blackburn (1908 – 1923)

1910 – 1914

Arthur James Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930

Titles of nobility: Earl of Balfour in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1922 – 1930)

1919 – 1922

Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930

Titles of nobility: Earl of Balfour in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1922 – 1930)

1925 – 1929

Stanley Baldwin

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1867; d. December 14 1947

Titles of nobility: Earl Baldwin of Bewdley in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947); Viscount Corvedale in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947).

1931 – 1935

James Ramsay MacDonald

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 12 1866; d. November 9 1937

1935 – 1937

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1881; d. December 23 1959

Titles of nobility: Baron Irwin in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1925 – 1959); Viscount Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1934 – 1959); Earl of Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1944 – 1959).

1937 – 1938

Arthur Neville Chamberlain

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 18 1869; d. November 9 1940

1940

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1952 – 1957

Winifred Ann Taylor

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1947.

1997 – 1998

David Roy Lidington

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 30 1956.

2016 – 2017

Jacob William Rees-Mogg

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 24 1969.

2019 – 2022

Penelope Mary “Penny” Mordaunt

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1973.

2022 – 2024


Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
John George Lambton, 1st Baron Durham

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 12 1792; d. July 28 1840.

1830 – 1833

George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1800; d. June 27 1870

Noble titles: Earl of Clarendon in the Peerage of Great Britain (1838 – 1870)

1840 – 1841

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1852 – 1855

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1859 – 1866

Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 21 1804; d. April 19 1881

Noble titles: Earl of Beaconsfield (1876 – 1881)

1876 – 1878

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1880 – 1881

Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 7 1847; d. May 21 1929

Noble titles: Earl of Rosebery in the Peerage of Scotland (1868 – 1929); Baron Rosebery in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1868 – 1929); Earl of Midlothian in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1911 – 1929)

1885

William Ewart Gladstone

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 29 1809; d. May 19 1898

1886

William Ewart Gladstone

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 29 1809; d. May 19 1898

1892 – 1894

Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 3 1830; d. August 22 1903

Titles of nobility: Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1868 – 1903)

1900 – 1902

Arthur James Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930

Titles of nobility: Earl of Balfour in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1922 – 1930)

1902 – 1903

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 24 1827; d. July 9 1909

Noble titles: Earl of Ripon (1859 – 1909); Marquess of Ripon (1871 – 1909)

1905 – 1908

Andrew Bonar Law

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 16 1858; d. October 30 1923

1919 – 1921

Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 18 1864; d. May 15 1937.

1931 – 1932

Stanley Baldwin

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1867; d. December 14 1947

Titles of nobility: Earl Baldwin of Bewdley in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947); Viscount Corvedale in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947).

1932 – 1934

Robert Anthony Eden

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 12 1897; d. January 14 1977

Titles of nobility: Earl of Avon in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1961 – 1977).

1934 – 1935

Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 13 1878; d. February 10 1949

Noble titles: Marquess of Londonderry (1915 – 1949)

1935

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1881; d. December 23 1959

Titles of nobility: Baron Irwin in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1925 – 1959); Viscount Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1934 – 1959); Earl of Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1944 – 1959).

1935 – 1937

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1942 – 1943

William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 25 1879; d. June 9 1964

Titles of nobility: Baron Beaverbrook in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1917 – 1964).

1943 – 1945

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1951 – 1952

Edward Richard George “Ted” Heath

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 9 1916; d. July 17 2005.

1960 – 1963


Earl Marshal

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Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1484; d. August 22 1545

Noble titles: Duke of Suffolk in the Peerage of England (1514 – 1545)

1524 – 1533


Lord High Admiral

Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom
Elizabeth II

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 21 1926; d. September 8 2022

Spouse: Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Children: (1) Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (b. November 14 1948); (2) Anne, Princess Royal (b. August 15 1950); (3) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (b. February 19 1960); (4) Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (b. March 10 1964)

1964 – 2011

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Titles of nobility: Duke of Edinburgh in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1947 – 2021).

2011 – 2021

Elizabeth II

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 21 1926; d. September 8 2022

Spouse: Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Children: (1) Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (b. November 14 1948); (2) Anne, Princess Royal (b. August 15 1950); (3) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (b. February 19 1960); (4) Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (b. March 10 1964)

2021 – 2022

Charles III

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 14 1948.

2022 – present