Global political history

Global political history from 3000 BC to the 21st century – political leaders, elections, and more.

Great Officers of State

Lord High Steward
Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 25 1683; d. May 6 1757.

1714

Edward Thurlow, 1st Baron Thurlow

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 9 1731; d. September 12 1806.

1788 – 1792

Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Baron Loughborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 3 1733; d. January 2 1805.

1793 – 1795

General Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 17 1768; d. April 29 1854.

1821

Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke of Marlborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 13 1871; d. June 30 1934

Titles of nobility: Duke of Marlborough in the Peerage of England (1892 – 1934)

1902

James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 23 1861; d. April 4 1947.

1937

Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1883; d. June 12 1963

Titles of nobility: Baron Cunningham of Hyndhope (1945 – 1963); Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (1946 – 1963).

Military ranks: Promoted to rear-admiral, 1933. Promoted to vice-admiral, 1936. Promoted to admiral, 1939(?). Promoted to Admiral of the Fleet, 1943.

1953


Ireland

Lord High Steward of Ireland
Charles John Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, 19th Earl of Waterford, 4th Earl Talbot

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 13 1830; d. May 11 1877.

1868 – 1877





Lord High Chancellor

Great Britain

List of Lord High Chancellors of Great Britain
Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 1 1690; d. March 6 1764.

1737 – 1756

Robert Henley, 1st Earl of Northington

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1708; d. January 14 1772.

1761 – 1766

Charles Pratt, 1st Baron Camden

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 21 1714; d. April 18 1794.

1766 – 1770

Charles Yorke

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 30 1722; d. January 20 1770.

1770

Edward Thurlow, 1st Baron Thurlow

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 9 1731; d. September 12 1806.

1778 – 1783

William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield (*Lord Speaker)

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1671; d. September 1 1729.

1783

Edward Thurlow, 1st Baron Thurlow

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 9 1731; d. September 12 1806.

1783 – 1792

Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Baron Loughborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 3 1733; d. January 2 1805.

1793 – 1801

John Scott, 1st Baron Eldon

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 4 1751; d. January 13 1838.

1801 – 1806

Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Erskine

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 10 1750; d. November 17 1823.

1806 – 1807

John Scott, 1st Earl of Eldon

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 4 1751; d. January 13 1838.

1807 – 1827

John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 21 1772; d. October 12 1863.

1827 – 1830

Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 19 1778; d. May 7 1868.

1830 – 1834

John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 21 1772; d. October 12 1863.

1834 – 1835

John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 21 1772; d. October 12 1863.

1841 – 1846

Thomas Wilde, 1st Baron Truro

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 7 1782; d. November 11 1855.

1850 – 1852

Robert Monsey Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 18 1790; d. July 26 1868.

1852 – 1858

Frederic Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 25 1794; d. October 5 1878.

1858 – 1859

John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 15 1779; d. June 23 1861.

1859 – 1861

Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 30 1800; d. July 20 1873.

1861 – 1865

Robert Monsey Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 18 1790; d. July 26 1868.

1865 – 1866

Frederic Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 25 1794; d. October 5 1878.

1866 – 1868

Hugh McCalmont Cairns, 1st Baron Cairns

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 27 1819; d. April 2 1885.

1868

Hugh McCalmont Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 27 1819; d. April 2 1885.

1874 – 1880

Hardinge Stanley Gifford, 1st Baron Halsbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 3 1823; d. December 11 1921.

1885 – 1886

Hardinge Stanley Gifford, 1st Baron Halsbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 3 1823; d. December 11 1921.

1886 – 1892

Hardinge Stanley Gifford, 1st Earl of Halsbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 3 1823; d. December 11 1921.

1895 – 1905

Thomas Walker Hobart Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 5 1876; d. October 11 1947

Titles of nobility: Viscount Caldecote in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1939 – 1947).

1939 – 1940

John Whitaker “Jack” Straw

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1946.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Jack Straw.” Accessed April 28, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/463/career.

June 28 2007 – May 11 2010

Michael Andrew Gove

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 26 1967.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baron Gove, of Torry in the City of Aberdeen, May 13 2025.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Lord Gove.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1571/career.

[2] “No. 64736,” The London Gazette, May 19 2025, 10278, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64736/page/10278.

May 9 2015 – July 14 2016

Mary Elizabeth “Liz” Truss

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1973.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Elizabeth Truss.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4097/career.

July 14 2016 – June 11 2017

David Roy Lidington

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 30 1956.

2017 – 2018

Dominic Rennie Raab

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 25 1974.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Dominic Raab.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4007/career.

September 15 2021 – September 6 2022

Brandon Kenneth Lewis

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 20 1971.

Honours:

Created a Knight Bachelor of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, June 16 2023.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Sir Brandon Lewis.” Accessed May 15, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4009/career.

[2] “No. 64213,” The London Gazette, October 30 2023, 21730, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64213/page/21730.

September 6 2022 – October 25 2022

Dominic Rennie Raab

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 25 1974.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Dominic Raab.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4007/career.

October 25 2022 – April 21 2023

David Lindon Lammy

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 19 1972.

2025 – present




Ireland

Lord High Chancellor of Ireland
John Freeman-Mitford, 1st Baron Redesdale

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 18 1748; d. January 16 1830.

1802 – 1806

George Ponsonby

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 5 1755; d. July 8 1817.

1806 – 1807

Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 24 1756; d. May 31 1842.

1807 – 1827

John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 15 1779; d. June 23 1861.

1841

Edward Gibson

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 4 1837; d. May 22 1913.

1885 – 1886

Edward Gibson, 1st Baron Ashbourne

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 4 1837; d. May 22 1913.

1886 – 1892

Edward Gibson, 1st Baron Ashbourne

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 4 1837; d. May 22 1913.

1895 – 1905





Lord High Treasurer

Lord High Treasurer of England/Great Britain/United Kingdom

Lord High Treasurer
William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 13 1520; d. August 4 1598.

1572 – 1598

Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 1 1563; d. May 24 1612.

1608 – 1612

Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1563; d. November 7 1642.

1620 – 1621

First Lord of the Treasury
Sidney Godolphin, 1st Baron Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 15 1645; d. September 15 1712.

1684 – 1685

Sidney Godolphin, 1st Baron Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 15 1645; d. September 15 1712.

1690 – 1697

Charles Montagu

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1661; d. May 19 1715.

1697 – 1699

Sidney Godolphin, 1st Baron Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 15 1645; d. September 15 1712.

1700 – 1701

General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 26 1650; d. June 16 1722.

1702 – 1710

Lord High Treasurer of England
Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 15 1645; d. September 15 1712.

1702 – 1707

Lord High Treasurer of Great Britain
Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 15 1645; d. September 15 1712.

1707 – 1710

Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 5 1661; d. May 21 1724.

1711 – 1714

First Lord of the Treasury
Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1661; d. May 19 1715.

1714 – 1715

Robert Walpole

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 26 1676; d. March 18 1745.

1715 – 1717

James Stanhope, 1st Viscount Stanhope

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1673; d. February 5 1721.

1717 – 1718

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 23 1675; d. April 19 1722.

1718 – 1721

Robert Walpole

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 26 1676; d. March 18 1745.

1721 – 1742

Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1673; d. July 2 1743.

1742 – 1743

Henry Pelham

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 25 1694; d. March 6 1754.

1743 – 1754

James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1715; d. April 13 1763.

1757

John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 21 1693; d. November 17 1768.

1762 – 1763

Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1735; d. March 14 1811.

1766 – 1770

Frederick North, Lord North

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 13 1732; d. August 5 1792.

1770 – 1782

Henry Addington

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1757; d. February 15 1844.

1801 – 1804

Stafford Henry Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 27 1818; d. January 12 1887.

1885 – 1886

William Henry Smith

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 24 1825; d. October 6 1891.

1887 – 1891

Arthur James Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, March 3 1922.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Balfour and Viscount Traprain, May 5 1922.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Balfour,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-balfour/index.html.

[2] “No. 32638,” The London Gazette, March 14 1922, 2137, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32638/page/2137.

[3] “No. 32691,” The London Gazette, May 5 1922, 3512, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32691/page/3512.

October 6 1891 – August 15 1892

Arthur James Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, March 3 1922.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Balfour and Viscount Traprain, May 5 1922.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Balfour,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-balfour/index.html.

[2] “No. 32638,” The London Gazette, March 14 1922, 2137, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32638/page/2137.

[3] “No. 32691,” The London Gazette, May 5 1922, 3512, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32691/page/3512.

June 25 1895 – December 5 1905

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 7 1836; d. April 22 1908.

1905 – 1908

Clement Richard Attlee

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 3 1883; d. October 8 1967.

1945 – 1951

Leonard James Callaghan

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 27 1912; d. March 26 2005.

1976 – 1979


Ireland

Lord High Treasurer of Ireland
Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, 4th Earl of Cork

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 25 1694; d. December 4 1753.

1715 – 1753

William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 8 1720; d. October 2 1764.

1754 – 1764

William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 14 1748; d. July 29 1811.

1764 – 1793




Lord President of the Council

Lord President of the Council
Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1484; d. August 22 1545

Noble titles: Duke of Suffolk in the Peerage of England (1514 – 1545)

1530 – 1545

Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 13 1662; d. December 2 1748.

Noble titles: Duke of Suffolk in the Peerage of England (1514 – 1545)

1702

Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1647; d. January 1 1730.

1714 – 1716

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 23 1675; d. April 19 1722.

1717 – 1719

Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1665; d. March 5 1726.

1719 – 1720

Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 18 1674; d. June 21 1738.

1720 – 1721

Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1673; d. July 2 1743.

1730 – 1742

William Stanhope, 1st Earl of Harrington

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1683; d. December 8 1756.

1742 – 1745

John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 22 1690; d. January 2 1763.

1751 – 1763

John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 30 1710; d. January 5 1771.

1763 – 1765

Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, 3rd Earl of Nottingham

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 24 1689; d. August 2 1769.

1765 – 1766

Robert Henley, 1st Earl of Northington

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1708; d. January 14 1772.

1766 – 1767

Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 4 1721; d. October 26 1803.

1767 – 1779

Charles Pratt, 1st Baron Camden

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 21 1714; d. April 18 1794.

1782 – 1783

David Murray, 7th Viscount of Stormont

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 9 1727; d. September 1 1796.

1783

Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 4 1721; d. October 26 1803.

1783 – 1784

Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 21 1714; d. April 18 1794.

1784 – 1794

William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1748; d. February 8 1833.

1794

David Murray, 7th Viscount of Stormont, 2nd Earl of Mansfield

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 9 1727; d. September 1 1796.

1794 – 1796

Major-General John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 9 1756; d. September 24 1835.

1796 – 1801

William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 14 1738; d. October 30 1809.

1801 – 1805

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1757; d. February 15 1844.

1805

John Jeffreys Pratt, 2nd Earl Camden

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 11 1759; d. October 8 1840.

1805 – 1806

William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1748; d. February 8 1833.

1806

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1757; d. February 15 1844.

1806 – 1807

John Jeffreys Pratt, 2nd Earl Camden

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 11 1759; d. October 8 1840.

1807 – 1812

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1757; d. February 15 1844.

1812

Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 22 1762; d. December 26 1847.

1812 – 1827

William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 24 1768; d. March 27 1854.

1827 – 1828

Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 22 1762; d. July 27 1834.

1828 – 1830

Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1780; d. January 31 1863.

1830 – 1834

Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1780; d. January 31 1863.

1835 – 1841

Colonel James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Wharncliffe

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 6 1776; d. December 19 1845.

1841 – 1845

Walter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1800; d. June 27 1870

1846

Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1780; d. January 31 1863.

1846 – 1852

Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 11 1815; d. March 31 1891.

1852 – 1854

Lord John Russell

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 18 1792; d. May 28 1878.

Titles:

Known by the courtesy title Lord John Russell from birth until July 27 1861. Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley, July 27 1861.1

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, May 21 1862.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Lord John Russell,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 24 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/lord-john-russell/index.html.

[2] “No. 22534,” The London Gazette, July 30 1861, 3193, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/22534/page/3193.

June 12 1854 – February 8 1855

Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 11 1815; d. March 31 1891.

1855 – 1858

James Brownlow William Gascyone-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 17 1791; d. April 12 1868.

1858 – 1859

Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 11 1815; d. March 31 1891.

1859 – 1866

Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 10 1823; d. March 26 1889.

1866 – 1867

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 24 1827; d. July 9 1909

Noble titles: Earl of Ripon (1859 – 1909); Marquess of Ripon (1871 – 1909)

1868 – 1873

Henry Austin Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1815; d. February 25 1895.

1873 – 1874

Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Gordon

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 27 1818; d. September 27 1903.

1874 – 1880

John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 27 1835; d. August 13 1910.

1880 – 1883

Chichester Samuel Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 18 1823; d. January 30 1898.

1883 – 1885

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Viscount Cranbrook

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 1 1814; d. October 30 1906.

1885 – 1886

John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 27 1835; d. August 13 1910.

1886

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Viscount Cranbrook

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 1 1814; d. October 30 1906.

1886 – 1892

John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1826; d. April 8 1902.

Noble titles: Earl of Clarendon in the Peerage of Great Britain (1838 – 1870)

1892 – 1894

Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 7 1847; d. May 21 1929.

Titles:

Held the courtesy title Lord Dalmeny, January 23 1851 – March 4 1868.1 Succeeded as the 5th Earl of Rosebery in the Peerage of Scotland and the 2nd Baron Rosebery in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, March 4 1868.1 Created Earl of Midlothian, Viscount Mentmore, and Baron Epsom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, July 3 1911.2

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, 1892 (citation needed).

References:

[1] Hugh Chisholm, “Rosebery, Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of,” in Encyclopædia Britannica (1911), Vol. 23 (11th ed.).

[2] “No. 28512,” The London Gazette, July 11 1911, 5168, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28512/page/5168.

March 10 1894 – June 21 1895

Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 23 1833; d. March 24 1908.

Titles:

Held the courtesy titles Lord Cavendish of Keighley, 1834 – 1858, and Marquess of Hartington, 1858 – December 21 1891 (citation needed). Succeeded as the 8th Duke of Devonshire and associated titles (Earl of Devonshire, Earl of Burlington, Baron Cavendish of Hardwick, Baron Cavendish of Keighley), December 21 1891.1

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, 1892 (citation needed).

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Marquess of Hartington,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 24 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/marquess-of-hartington/index.html.

June 29 1895 – October 19 1903

Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Earl of Crewe

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1858; d. June 20 1945.

1905 – 1908

Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 8 1849; d. September 15 1909.

1908

Henry Hartley Fowler, 1st Viscount Wolverhampton

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 16 1830; d. February 25 1911.

1908 – 1910

William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 20 1872; d. November 14 1938.

1910

John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 24 1838; d. September 23 1923

Titles of nobility: Viscount Morley of Blackburn (1908 – 1923)

1910 – 1914

William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 20 1872; d. November 14 1938.

1914 – 1915

Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1858; d. June 20 1945.

1915 – 1916

Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, March 3 1922.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Balfour and Viscount Traprain, May 5 1922.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Balfour,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-balfour/index.html.

[2] “No. 32638,” The London Gazette, March 14 1922, 2137, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32638/page/2137.

[3] “No. 32691,” The London Gazette, May 5 1922, 3512, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32691/page/3512.

October 23 1919 – October 19 1922

James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 23 1861; d. April 4 1947.

1922 – 1924

Charles Alfred Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 3 1852; d. June 30 1941.

1924

George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 11 1859; d. March 20 1925.

1924 – 1925

Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, March 3 1922.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Balfour and Viscount Traprain, May 5 1922.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Balfour,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-balfour/index.html.

[2] “No. 32638,” The London Gazette, March 14 1922, 2137, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32638/page/2137.

[3] “No. 32691,” The London Gazette, May 5 1922, 3512, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32691/page/3512.

April 27 1925 – June 4 1929

Charles Alfred Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 3 1852; d. June 30 1941.

1929 – 1931

Stanley Baldwin

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1867; d. December 14 1947.

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, May 28 1937.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl Baldwin of Bewdley and Viscount Corvedale, June 8 1937.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Stanley Baldwin,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-stanley-baldwin/index.html.

[2] “No. 34403,” The London Gazette, June 1 1937, 3508, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34403/page/3508.

[3] “No. 34405,” The London Gazette, June 8 1937, 3663, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34405/page/3663.

August 24 1931 – June 7 1935

James Ramsay MacDonald

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 12 1866; d. November 9 1937.

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Ramsay MacDonald,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-ramsay-macdonald/index.html.

June 7 1935 – May 28 1937

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1881; d. December 23 1959

Titles of nobility: Baron Irwin in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1925 – 1959); Viscount Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1934 – 1959); Earl of Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1944 – 1959).

1937 – 1938

Arthur Neville Chamberlain

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 18 1869; d. November 9 1940

1940

Clement Richard Attlee

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 3 1883; d. October 8 1967.

Honours:

Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl Attlee and Viscount Prestwood, December 16 1955.2 Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, April 7 1956.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Clement Attlee,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-clement-attlee/index.html.

[2] “No. 40656,” The London Gazette, December 16 1955, 7079, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40656/page/7079.

[3] “No. 40751,” The London Gazette, April 10 1956, 2095, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40751/page/2095/.

September 28 1943 – May 23 1945

Herbert Stanley Morrison

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 3 1888; d. March 6 1965.

Honours:

Created Baron Morrison of Lambeth, November 2 1959.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Herbert Morrison,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026,https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-herbert-morrison/index.html.

[2] “No. 41860,” The London Gazette, November 3 1959, 6942, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41860/page/6942.

July 26 1945 – March 9 1951

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1952 – 1957

Alexander Frederick “Alec” Douglas-Home, 14th Earl of Home

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1903; d. October 9 1995.

Honours:

Given the courtesy title Lord Dunglass, April 30 1918.1 Succeeded to the Peerage of Scotland as the 14th Earl of Home, July 11 1951.1 Created a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, October 16 1962.2 Created Baron Home of the Hirsel, December 19 1974.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Sir Alec Douglas-Home,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 20 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/sir-alec-douglas-home/index.html.

[2] “No. 42815,” The London Gazette, October 23 1962, 8275, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/42815/page/8275.

[3] “No. 46441,” The London Gazette, December 24 1974, 13203, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/46441/page/.

March 29 1957 – September 17 1957

Alexander Frederick “Alec” Douglas-Home, 14th Earl of Home

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1903; d. October 9 1995.

Honours:

Given the courtesy title Lord Dunglass, April 30 1918.1 Succeeded to the Peerage of Scotland as the 14th Earl of Home, July 11 1951.1 Created a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, October 16 1962.2 Created Baron Home of the Hirsel, December 19 1974.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Sir Alec Douglas-Home,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 20 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/sir-alec-douglas-home/index.html.

[2] “No. 42815,” The London Gazette, October 23 1962, 8275, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/42815/page/8275.

[3] “No. 46441,” The London Gazette, December 24 1974, 13203, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/46441/page/.

October 14 1959 – July 27 1960

William Stephen Ian Whitelaw

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 28 1918; d. July 1 1999.

Titles:

Raised to the peerage as Viscount Whitelaw, of Penrith in the County of Cumbria, June 16 1983.2

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, November 30 1990.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for The Viscount Whitelaw.” Accessed May 4, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1722/career.

[2] “No. 49394,” The London Gazette, June 21 1983, 8199, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/49394/page/8199.

[3] “No. 52351,” The London Gazette, November 30 1990, 18550, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52351/page/18550.

June 20 1970 – April 7 1972

Leonard Robert Carr

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 11 1916; d. February 17 2012.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baron Carr of Hadley, of Monken Hadley of Greater London, January 15 1976.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Lord Carr of Hadley.” Accessed May 4, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1621/career.

[2] “No. 46803,” The London Gazette, January 20 1976, 919, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/46803/page/919.

April 7 1972 – November 5 1972

Edward Watson Short

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 17 1912; d. May 4 2012.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baron Glenamara, of Glenridding in the County of Cumbria, January 28 1977.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Lord Glenamara.” Accessed May 4, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1692/career.

[2] “No. 47138,” The London Gazette, February 1 1977, 1427, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/47138/page/1427.

March 5 1974 – April 8 1976

Michael Mackintosh Foot

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 23 1913; d. March 3 2010.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Michael Foot.” Accessed April 20, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/831/career.

April 8 1976 – May 4 1979

William Stephen Ian Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 28 1918; d. July 1 1999.

Titles:

Raised to the peerage as Viscount Whitelaw, of Penrith in the County of Cumbria, June 16 1983.2

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, November 30 1990.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for The Viscount Whitelaw.” Accessed May 4, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1722/career.

[2] “No. 49394,” The London Gazette, June 21 1983, 8199, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/49394/page/8199.

[3] “No. 52351,” The London Gazette, November 30 1990, 18550, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52351/page/18550.

June 11 1983 – January 10 1988

John Wakeham

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 22 1932.

1988 – 1989

Antony Harold “Tony” Newton

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 29 1937; d. March 25 2012.

1992 – 1997

Winifred Ann Taylor

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 2 1947.

1997 – 1998

Margaret Mary Beckett

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 15 1943.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baroness Beckett, of Old Normanton in the City of Derby, August 14 2024.2

Honours:

Created a Dame Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, December 31 2012.3 Created a Dame Grand Cross of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, December 31 2023.4

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Baroness Beckett.” Accessed April 20, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/328/career.

[2] “No. 64493,” The London Gazette, August 20 2024, 16086, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64493/page/16086.

[3] “No. 60367,” The London Gazette, Supplement, December 29 2012, 6, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/60367/supplement/6.

[4] “No. 64269,” The London Gazette, Supplement, December 30 2023, N8, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64269/supplement/N8.

July 27 1998 – June 8 2001

John Reid

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 8 1947.

2003

Gareth Wyn Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 5 1941; d. September 20 2003.

2003

Valerie Ann Amos, Baroness Amos

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 13 1954.

2003 – 2007

Nicholas William Peter “Nick” Clegg

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1967.

Honours:

Created a Knight Bachelor, December 30 2017.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Nick Clegg.” Accessed May 15, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/1563/career

[2] “No. 62150,” The London Gazette, Supplement, December 30 2017, N2, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62150/supplement/N2.

May 11 2010 – May 8 2015

David Roy Lidington

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 30 1956.

2016 – 2017

Jacob William Rees-Mogg

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 24 1969.

2019 – 2022

Mark Steven Spencer

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 20 1970.

Titles:

Created a Knight Bachelor, April 16 2024.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Sir Mark Spencer.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4055/career.

[2] “No. 64374,” The London Gazette, April 22 2024, 7898, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64374/page/7898.

February 8 2022 – September 6 2022

Penelope Mary “Penny” Mordaunt

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1973.

Honours:

Received a Dame Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, August 21 2024.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Penny Mordaunt.” Accessed May 12, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4017/career.

[2] “No. 64759,” The London Gazette, Supplement, June 14 2025, B8, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64759/supplement/B8.

September 6 2022 – July 5 2024


Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal

Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 13 1520; d. August 4 1598.

1571 – 1572

William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 13 1520; d. August 4 1598.

1590 – 1598

Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 1 1563; d. May 24 1612.

1598 – 1608

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 9 1662; d. July 15 1711.

1705 – 1711

William Legge, 1st Earl of Dartmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 14 1672; d. December 15 1750.

1713 – 1714

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 23 1675; d. April 19 1722.

1715 – 1716

Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1665; d. March 5 1726.

1716 – 1719

Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1665; d. March 5 1726.

1720 – 1726

Spencer Compton, 1st Baron Wilmington

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1673; d. July 2 1743.

1730

William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 26 1698; d. December 5 1755.

1731 – 1733

Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 3 1678; d. January 17 1766.

1735 – 1740

George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 2 1703; d. June 10 1770.

1743 – 1744

Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1706; d. October 20 1758.

1755

Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 4 1721; d. October 26 1803.

1755 – 1757

Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 26 1711; d. September 12 1779.

1757 – 1761

John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 30 1710; d. January 5 1771.

1761 – 1763

Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 21 1693; d. November 17 1768.

1765 – 1766

William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 15 1708; d. May 11 1778.

1766 – 1768

George William Hervey, 2nd Earl of Bristol

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1721; d. March 18/20 1775.

1768 – 1770

George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 6 1716; d. June 8 1771.

1770 – 1771

Henry Howard, 12th Earl of Suffolk, 5th Earl of Berkshire

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 16 1739; d. March 7 1779.

1771

Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1735; d. March 14 1811.

1771 – 1775

William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 20 1731; d. July 15 1801.

1775 – 1782

Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1735; d. March 14 1811.

1782 – 1783

Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 28 1748; d. September 4 1825.

1783

Charles Manners, 4th Duke of Rutland

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 15 1754; d. October 24 1787.

1783 – 1784

Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 4 1721; d. October 26 1803.

1784 – 1794

George John Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 1 1758; d. November 10 1834.

1794

Major-General John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 9 1756; d. September 24 1835.

1794 – 1798

John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 1 1759; d. December 15 1841.

1798 – 1806

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1757; d. February 15 1844.

1806

Henry Richard Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland of Holland, 3rd Baron Holland of Foxley

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 21 1773; d. October 22 1840.

1806 – 1807

John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 1 1759; d. December 15 1841.

1807 – 1827

William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 24 1768; d. March 27 1854.

1827

George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 17 1773; d. October 7 1848.

1827 – 1828

Edward Law, 2nd Baron Ellenborough

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 8 1790; d. December 22 1871.

1828 – 1829

John George Lambton, 1st Baron Durham

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 12 1792; d. July 28 1840.

1830 – 1833

Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 1 1782; d. January 28 1859.

1833 – 1834

George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 17 1773; d. October 7 1848.

1834

Constantine Henry Phipps, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 15 1797; d. July 28 1863.

1834

Colonel James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Wharncliffe

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 6 1776; d. December 19 1845.

1834 – 1835

John William Ponsonby, Viscount Duncannon

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 31 1781; d. May 16 1847.

1835 – 1840

George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1800; d. June 27 1870

Noble titles: Earl of Clarendon in the Peerage of Great Britain (1838 – 1870)

1840 – 1841

Walter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1800; d. June 27 1870

1842 – 1846

Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 2nd Earl of Minto

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 16 1782; d. July 31 1859.

1846 – 1852

James Brownlow William Gascyone-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 17 1791; d. April 12 1868.

1852

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1852 – 1855

Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 19 1798; d. November 19 1882.

1855 – 1858

Ulick John de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 20 1802; d. April 10 1874.

1858

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1859 – 1866

James Howard Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 25 1807 d. May 17 1889.

1866 – 1868

John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1826; d. April 8 1902.

Noble titles: Earl of Clarendon in the Peerage of Great Britain (1838 – 1870)

1868 – 1870

Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 20 1800; d. August 8 1885.

1870 – 1874

James Howard Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 25 1807 d. May 17 1889.

1874 – 1876

Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 21 1804; d. April 19 1881.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, July 1878. (citation needed) Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Beaconsfield and Viscount Hughenden, August 16 1876.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Benjamin Disraeli,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 23 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-benjamin-disraeli/index.html.

[2] “No. 24355,” The London Gazette, August 18 1876, 4594, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24355/page/4594.

August 12 1876 – February 4 1878

Algernon George Percy, 6th Duke of Northumberland

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 20 1810; d. January 2 1899.

1878 – 1880

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 30 1823; d. April 24 1900

Noble titles: Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1847 – 1900); Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892 – 1900)

1880 – 1881

Chichester Samuel Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 18 1823; d. January 30 1898.

1881 – 1885

Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 7 1847; d. May 21 1929.

Titles:

Held the courtesy title Lord Dalmeny, January 23 1851 – March 4 1868.1 Succeeded as the 5th Earl of Rosebery in the Peerage of Scotland and the 2nd Baron Rosebery in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, March 4 1868.1 Created Earl of Midlothian, Viscount Mentmore, and Baron Epsom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, July 3 1911.2

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, 1892 (citation needed).

References:

[1] Hugh Chisholm, “Rosebery, Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of,” in Encyclopædia Britannica (1911), Vol. 23 (11th ed.).

[2] “No. 28512,” The London Gazette, July 11 1911, 5168, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28512/page/5168.

March 5 1885 – June 9 1885

Dudley Francis Stuart Ryder, 3rd Earl of Harrowby

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 16 1831; d. March 26 1900.

1885 – 1886

William Ewart Gladstone

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 29 1809; d. May 19 1898.

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “W.E. Gladstone,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 23 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-we-gladstone/index.html.

February 1 1886 – July 2 1886

George Henry Cadogan, 5th Earl Cadogan

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 12 1840; d. March 6 1915.

1886 – 1892

William Ewart Gladstone

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 29 1809; d. May 19 1898.

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “W.E. Gladstone,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 23 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-we-gladstone/index.html.

August 15 1892 – March 2 1894

Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 8 1849; d. September 15 1909.

1894 – 1895

Richard Assheton Cross, 1st Viscount Cross

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 30 1823; d. January 8 1914.

1895 – 1900

Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 3 1830; d. August 22 1903

Titles:

Held the courtesy title Viscount Cranborne, June 1865 – April 12 1868. Succeeded as the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain, April 12 1868. (citations needed)

Honours:

Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, 1878 (citation needed).

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Lord Robert Cecil,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 23 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/lord-robert-cecil-1/index.html.

November 12 1900 – July 11 1902

Arthur James Balfour

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 25 1848; d. March 19 1930.

Honours:

Created a Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, March 3 1922.2 Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl of Balfour and Viscount Traprain, May 5 1922.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Balfour,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-balfour/index.html.

[2] “No. 32638,” The London Gazette, March 14 1922, 2137, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32638/page/2137.

[3] “No. 32691,” The London Gazette, May 5 1922, 3512, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32691/page/3512.

July 11 1902 – October 17 1903

James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 23 1861; d. April 4 1947.

1903 – 1905

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 24 1827; d. July 9 1909

Noble titles: Earl of Ripon (1859 – 1909); Marquess of Ripon (1871 – 1909)

1905 – 1908

Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Earl of Crewe

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1858; d. June 20 1945.

1908 – 1911

Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 12 1858; d. June 20 1945.

1912 – 1915

George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 11 1859; d. March 20 1925.

1915 – 1916

Andrew Bonar Law

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 16 1858; d. October 30 1923.

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Bonar Law,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 22 2026,https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-bonar-law/index.html.

January 10 1919 – April 1 1921

Joseph Austen Chamberlain

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 16 1863; d. March 16 1937.

1921 – 1922

Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 14 1864; d. November 24 1958.

1923 – 1924

James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 23 1861; d. April 4 1947.

1924 – 1929

William Robert Wellesley Peel, 1st Earl Peel

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 7 1867; d. September 28 1937.

1931

Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 18 1864; d. May 15 1937.

1931 – 1932

Stanley Baldwin

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1867; d. December 14 1947

Titles of nobility: Earl Baldwin of Bewdley in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947); Viscount Corvedale in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1937 – 1947).

1932 – 1934

Robert Anthony Eden

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 12 1897; d. January 14 1977

Titles of nobility: Earl of Avon in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1961 – 1977).

1934 – 1935

Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 13 1878; d. February 10 1949

Noble titles: Marquess of Londonderry (1915 – 1949)

1935

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 16 1881; d. December 23 1959

Titles of nobility: Baron Irwin in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1925 – 1959); Viscount Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1934 – 1959); Earl of Halifax in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1944 – 1959).

1935 – 1937

Clement Richard Attlee

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 3 1883; d. October 8 1967.

Honours:

Raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Earl Attlee and Viscount Prestwood, December 16 1955.2 Created a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, April 7 1956.3

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Clement Attlee,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-clement-attlee/index.html.

[2] “No. 40656,” The London Gazette, December 16 1955, 7079, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40656/page/7079.

[3] “No. 40751,” The London Gazette, April 10 1956, 2095, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40751/page/2095/.

May 12 1940 – February 15 1942

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1942 – 1943

William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 25 1879; d. June 9 1964

Titles of nobility: Baron Beaverbrook in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1917 – 1964).

1943 – 1945

Arthur Greenwood

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 8 1880; d. June 9 1954.

References:

[1] UK Parliament, “Arthur Greenwood,” Historic Hansard 1803–2005, accessed April 21 2026, https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-arthur-greenwood/index.html.

July 27 1945 – April 17 1947

Ernest Bevin

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 9 1881; d. April 14 1951.

1951

Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 27 1893; d. February 23 1972

Titles of nobility: Baron Cecil in the Peerage of England (1941 – 1972); Marquess of Salisbury in the Peerage of Great Britain (1947 – 1972).

1951 – 1952

Edward Richard George “Ted” Heath

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 9 1916; d. July 17 2005.

Honours:

Appointed Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter, April 23 1992.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Sir Edward Heath.” Accessed April 20, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/195/career.

[2] “No. 52903,” The London Gazette, April 24 1992, 7175, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52903/page/7175.

February 14 1960 – October 20 1963

Sir Ian Hedworth John Little Gilmour, 3rd Baronet

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 8 1926; d. September 21 2007.

1979 – 1981

John Wakeham

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 22 1932.

1987 – 1988

John Wakeham, Baron Wakeham

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 22 1932.

1992 – 1994

Robert Michael James Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 22 1906; d. February 25 1995

1994 – 1997

Gareth Wyn Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 5 1941; d. September 20 2003.

2001 – 2003

Peter Gerald Hain

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 16 1950.

2003 – 2005

John Whitaker “Jack” Straw

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 3 1946.

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Jack Straw.” Accessed April 28, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/463/career.

May 5 2006 – June 27 2007

Harriet Ruth Harman

Date of birth/date of death: b. July 30 1950.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baroness Harman, of Peckham in the London Borough of Southwark, August 19 2024.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Harriet Harman.” Accessed April 9, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/150/career.

[2] “No. 64496,” The London Gazette, August 22, 2024, 16342, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64496/page/16342.

June 28 2007 – May 11 2010

Nicholas Edward True, Baron True

Date of birth/date of death:

Born July 31 1951.

Titles:

Received a life peerage as Baron True, of East Sheen in the County of Surrey, December 23 2010.2

References:

[1] UK Parliament. “Parliamentary career for Lord True.” Accessed May 16, 2026. https://members.parliament.uk/member/4200/career.

[2] “No. 59656,” The London Gazette, December 30 2010, 24903, https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59656/page/24903.

September 6 2022 – July 5 2024


Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
Robert Henley, 1st Baron Henley

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1708; d. January 14 1772.

1757 – 1761


Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland
Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 28 1742; d. May 28 1811.

1800 – 1811

Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 14 1771; d. June 10 1851.

1811 – 1851

Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 22 1801; d. July 6 1874.

1853 – 1874

Schomberg Henry Kerr, 9th Marquess of Lothian

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 2 1833; d. January 17 1900.

1874 – 1900


Lord High Constable

Lord High Constable of England
Richard of York, Duke of Gloucester

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 2 1452; d. August 22 1485.

1469 – 1470

Richard of York, Duke of Gloucester

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 2 1452; d. August 22 1485.

1471 – 1483

Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1435; d. July 29 1504.

1483 – 1504

Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1663; d. October 9 1690.

1685


Earl Marshal

Placeholder text

Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk

Date of birth/date of death: b. c. 1484; d. August 22 1545

Noble titles: Duke of Suffolk in the Peerage of England (1514 – 1545)

1524 – 1533

Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 15 1746; d. December 16 1815.

1786 – 1815


Lord High Admiral

Lord High Admiral of England
Richard of York, Duke of Gloucester

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 2 1452; d. August 22 1485.

1462 – 1470

Richard of York, Duke of Gloucester

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 2 1452; d. August 22 1485.

1471 – 1483

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 20 1592; d. August 23 1628.

1619 – 1628

Prince James of England, Duke of York and Albany

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 14 1633; d. September 16 1701.

1660 – 1673

James II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 14 1633; d. September 16 1701.

1685 – 1688

William III

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 24 1533; d. July 10 1584.

1689

Prince George of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 2 1653; d. October 28 1708.

1702 – 1707

Lord High Admiral of Great Britain
Prince George of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 2 1653; d. October 28 1708.

1707 – 1708

Anne

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 6 1665; d. August 1 1714.

Spouse: Prince George of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland (b. May 19 1744; d. November 17 1818)

1708

Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom
Prince William of the United Kingdom, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 21 1765; d. June 20 1837.

1827 – 1828

Elizabeth II

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 21 1926; d. September 8 2022

Spouse: Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Children: (1) Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (b. November 14 1948); (2) Anne, Princess Royal (b. August 15 1950); (3) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (b. February 19 1960); (4) Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (b. March 10 1964)

1964 – 2011

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Titles of nobility: Duke of Edinburgh in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1947 – 2021).

2011 – 2021

Elizabeth II

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 21 1926; d. September 8 2022

Spouse: Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (b. June 10 1921; d. April 9 2021

Children: (1) Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (b. November 14 1948); (2) Anne, Princess Royal (b. August 15 1950); (3) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (b. February 19 1960); (4) Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (b. March 10 1964)

2021 – 2022

Charles III

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 14 1948.

September 8 2022 – present


Lord High Admiral of Scotland
Prince James of England, Duke of York and Albany

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 14 1633; d. September 16 1701.

1673 – 1688


Vice-Admiral of England
Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1663; d. October 9 1690.

1682 – 1689

Vice-Admiral of Great Britain
Admiral of the Fleet George Anson, 1st Baron Anson

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 22 1684; d. July 7 1764.

1749 – 1762

Admiral of the Fleet Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 21 1705; d. October 17 1781.

1765 – 1781

Admiral Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 8 1726; d. August 5 1799.

1792 – 1796

Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom
Admiral of the Fleet Michael Cecil Boyce, Baron Boyce

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 2 1943; d. November 6 2022.

2021 – 2022


Rear-Admiral of Great Britain
Admiral Sir Edward Hawke

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 21 1705; d. October 17 1781.

1763 – 1765


Lord Clerk Register

Lord Clerk Register
James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton

Date of birth/date of death: b. 1702; d. October 12 1768.

1760 – 1768