Global political history

Global political history from 3000 BC to the 21st century – political leaders, elections, and more.

France

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Heads of State of France

Kingdom of France

Henry IV

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1589 – 1610

Louis XIII the Just

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 27 1601; d. May 14 1643.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1610 – 1643

Louis XIV the Great

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 5 1638; d. September 1 1715.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1643 – 1715


The Consulate

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First Consul of the French Republic
Napoléon Bonaparte

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 15 1769; d. May 5 1821

1799 – 1804

First French Empire

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Emperor of the French
Napoléon I

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 15 1769; d. May 5 1821

House of Bonaparte

1804 – 1814

First French Empire (restored)

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Emperor of the French
Napoléon I

Date of birth/date of death: b. August 15 1769; d. May 5 1821

House of Bonaparte

1815

Second French Republic

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President of the French Republic
Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 20 1808; d. January 9 1873

Bonapartist Party

1848 – 1852

Second French Empire

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Emperor of the French
Napoléon III

Date of birth/date of death: b. April 20 1808; d. January 9 1873

House of Bonaparte

1852 – 1870


The French State (Vichy France)

Chief of the French State
Maréchal de France Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain

Date of birth/date of death: April 24 1856; d. July 23 1951

Révolution nationale

1940 – 1944


Free France

President of the French National Committee
Général de Brigade Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1890; d. November 9 1970

Independent

1941 – 1943


President of the French Committee of National Liberation
Général de Brigade Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1890; d. November 9 1970

Independent

1943 – 1944


Provisional Government of the French Republic

Chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic
Général de Brigade Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1890; d. November 9 1970

Independent

1944 – 1946


The Fifth Republic

President of the French Republic
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1890; d. November 9 1970

Union for the New Republic (1959 – 1967); Union of Democrats for the Republic (1967 – 1969)

1959 – 1969

François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 26 1916; d. January 8 1996.

Socialist Party

1981 – 1995

Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 28 1955.

Union for a Popular Movement

2007 – 2012




Heads of government of France

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Bourbon Restoration

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President of the Council of Ministers
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, duc de Talleyrand

Date of birth/date of death: b. February 2 1754; d. May 17 1838

Independent

1815


The Third Republic

President of the Council of Ministers
Georges Benjamin Clemenceau

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1841; d. November 24 1929.

Radical Party

1906 – 1909

Georges Benjamin Clemenceau

Date of birth/date of death: b. September 28 1841; d. November 24 1929.

Independent Radicals

1917 – 1920

Pierre Jean Marie Laval

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 28 1883; d. October 15 1945.

Independent

1931 – 1932

Paul Reynaud

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 15 1878; d. September 21 1966

Democratic Republican Alliance

1940

Maréchal de France Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain

Date of birth/date of death: April 24 1856; d. July 23 1951

Independent

1940


Vice President of the Council of Ministers
Paul Reynaud

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 15 1878; d. September 21 1966

Democratic Republican Alliance

1932

Pierre Jean Marie Laval

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 28 1883; d. October 15 1945.

Independent

1940


The French State (Vichy France)

President of the Council of Ministers
Maréchal de France Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain

Date of birth/date of death: April 24 1856; d. July 23 1951

Révolution nationale

1940 – 1942

Pierre Jean Marie Laval

Date of birth/date of death: b. June 28 1883; d. October 15 1945.

Révolution nationale

1942 – 1944


The Fourth Republic

President of the Council of Ministers
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle

Date of birth/date of death: b. November 22 1890; d. November 9 1970

Union for the New Republic

1958 – 1959


Vice President of the Council of Ministers
Paul Reynaud

Date of birth/date of death: b. October 15 1878; d. September 21 1966

National Centre of Independents and Peasants

1953 – 1954


The Fifth Republic

Prime Minister of France
Jacques Chaban-Delmas

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 7 1915; d. November 10 2000.

Union of Democrats for the Republic

1969 – 1972

Édouard Balladur

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 2 1929.

Rally for the Republic

1993 – 1995

François Charles Armand Fillon

Date of birth/date of death: b. March 4 1954.

Union for a Popular Movement

2007 – 2012

Michel Jean Barnier

Date of birth/date of death: b. January 9 1951.

The Republicans

2024

François René Jean Lucien Bayrou

Date of birth/date of death: b. May 25 1951.

Democratic Movement

2024 – present




Sub-National States

County of Armagnac

Count of Armagnac
Henry III

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1572 – 1589


County of Bigorre

Count of Bigorre
Henry III

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1572 – 1589


County of Comminges

Count of Comminges
Henry III

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1572 – 1589


County of Foix

Count of Foix
Henry III

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1572 – 1589


Viscounty of Béarn

Viscount of Béarn
Henry III

Date of birth/date of death: b. December 13 1553; d. May 14 1610.

House of Bourbon – Capet

1572 – 1589